Center for Distance and Independent Study
Political Science 4150: The American Presidency

Course Credits

Developer

William T. Horner, PhD, with the Center for Distance and Independent Study

Instructional Editor

Elton R. Boone

Copyeditor

Alison Trulock

Image and Multimedia Attributions

The background image in the title graphic is © iStockphoto/pmphoto.

The image of the author that appears on the Overview page is courtesy of M. Heather Carver, PhD, University of Missouri.

Lesson 1: Introduction, Notions of the President's Role, and the Framers' Thoughts on the Presidency

Figure 1.1: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 1.2: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 1.3: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 1.4: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-13027

Figure 1.5: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-93494

Figure 1.6: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Dantadd

Figure 1.7: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 1.8: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Sebmol

Lesson 2: The Presidency and the Constitution

Figure 2.1: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Zaphod

Figure 2.2: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 2.3: U.S. Senate

Figure 2.4: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Midnightdreary

The photograph of the U.S. Capitol Building is from Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Wadester16.

The photograph of the White House is from Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Cezary p.

The photograph of the U.S. Supreme Court Building is courtesy of the U.S. Government Printing Office.

Lesson 3: The Evolving Presidency I—Expanding, Contracting, and Democratizing

Figure 3.1: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Luestling

Figure 3.2: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of swatjester

Figure 3.3: National Atlas of the United States of America

Figure 3.4: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Phrood

Figure 3.5: © 2007 JupiterImages Corporation

Figure 3.6: U.S. Navy

Figure 3.7: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 3.8: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 3.9: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 3.10: National Park Service

Figure 3.11: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-BH826-2696

Lesson 4: The Evolving Presidency II—Prerogative Power Grows

Figure 4.1: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 4.2: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Complex01

Figure 4.3: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-132936

Figure 4.4: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 4.5: U.S. Senate

Figure 4.6: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-05704

Figure 4.7: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 4.8: Library of Congress, Prints and Photgraphs Division, LC-USZ62-48559

Figure 4.9: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 4.10: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC2-6209

Figure 4.11: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Fefogomez

Figure 4.12: U.S. Navy

Lesson 5: The Evolving Presidency III—The Birth of the Modern Presidency

Figure 5.1: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 5.2: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-2006

Figure 5.3: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-66022

Figure 5.4: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-hec-04861

Figure 5.5: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 5.6: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 5.7: Social Security Administration

Figure 5.8: U.S. Army

Figure 5.9: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-98170

Lesson 6: The Evolving Presidency IV—The Postmodern Presidency

Figure 6.1: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 6.2: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.3: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.4: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.5: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Magnus Manske

Figure 6.6: National Park Service

Figure 6.7: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-599

Figure 6.8: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.9: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.10: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.11: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.12: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.13: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 6.14: National Archives and Records Administration

Lesson 7: The Evolving Presidency V—George W. Bush and Presidential Spouses

Figure 7.1: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 7.2: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 7.3: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 7.4: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of UDScott

Figure 7.5: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Bastique

Figure 7.6: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 7.7: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-cwpbh-01028

Figure 7.8: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-25791

Figure 7.9: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-25808

Figure 7.10: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-97898

Figure 7.11: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-25812

Figure 7.12: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-21796

Figure 7.13: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 7.14: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-2019

Figure 7.15: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZCN4-117

Figure 7.16: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 7.17: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-98303

Figure 7.18: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-107702

Figure 7.19: WhiteHouse.gov

Lesson 8: The Evolving Presidency VI—Vice Presidents and the President's Staff

Figure 8.1: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-hec-01382

Figure 8.2: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Rakela

Figure 8.3: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-cwpbh-00699

Figure 8.4: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ6-849

Figure 8.5: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-111450

Figure 8.6: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ggbain-05886

Figure 8.7: U.S. Department of Agriculture

Figure 8.8: U.S. Department of State

Figure 8.9: U.S. Congress

Figure 8.10: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 8.11: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 8.12: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-cwpbh-00958

The photograph of Gerald Ford being sworn in is courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.

The photograph of the Nixons and the Fords is courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.

The photograph of Dick Cheney is courtesy of WhiteHouse.gov.

Lesson 9: Presidents and Domestic Policy

Figure 9.1: U.S. Senate

Figure 9.2: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-13010 DLC

Figure 9.3: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 9.4: U.S. Department of Defense

Figure 9.5: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 9.6: U.S. Senate

Figure 9.7: Social Security Administration

Figure 9.8: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-U9-39080B-11

Figure 9.9: WhiteHouse.gov

Lesson 10: Presidents and the Judiciary

Figure 10.1: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-111232

Figure 10.2: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-33516

Figure 10.3: U.S. Department of Justice

Figure 10.4: U.S. Department of Justice

Figure 10.5: U.S. Department of Justice

Figure 10.6: U.S. Department of Justice

Lesson 11: Presidents and Foreign Policy

Figure 11.1: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 11.2: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Joowwww

Figure 11.3: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 11.4: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 11.5: U.S. Navy

Figure 11.6: U.S. Air Force

Figure 11.7: U.S. Marine Corps

The photograph of the Monroe Doctrine mural is courtesy of the Architect of the Capitol.

The photograph of Harry Truman speaking is courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.

The photograph of Nixon and Mao Zedong is courtesy of the U.S. Department of State.

The photograph of Jimmy Carter is courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-09807.

The photograph of Ronald Reagan speaking is courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration.

The photograph of Colin Powell is courtesy of the U.S. Department of Defense.

The photograph of George W. Bush is courtesy of WhiteHouse.gov.

Lesson 12: Presidents and the Media

Figure 12.1: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-1732

Figure 12.2: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-pga-01946

Figure 12.3: U.S. Department of Agriculture

Figure 12.4: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 12.5: National Park Service

Figure 12.6: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Pfctdayelise

Figure 12.7: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 12.8: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 12.9: Social Security Administration

Lesson 13: Rankings, Ratings, Character, and Other Ways to Assess Presidents and Presidential Candidates

Figure 13.1: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-117121

Figure 13.2: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-19301

Figure 13.3: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-117123

Figure 13.4: National Archives and Records Administration

Figure 13.5: U.S. Department of Defense

Figure 13.6: U.S. Department of Defense

Lesson 14: Presidential Campaigns

Figure 14.1: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-BH824-5239

Figure 14.2: Davenport, Homer. 'Honest Money.' New York Journal, August 12, 1896.

Figure 14.3: New York Journal, August 3, 1896.

Figure 14.4: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-103995

Figure 14.5: Davenport, Homer. 'The Final Charge of the Buncombe Brigade.' New York Journal, October 31, 1896.

Figure 14.6: Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-49253

Figure 14.7: Wikimedia Commons courtesy of Alphaios

Figure 14.8: Library of Congress

Figure 14.9: WhiteHouse.gov

Figure 14.10: National Atlas of the United States of America

All other images, multimedia, and text © University of Missouri. All rights reserved.

Every effort has been made to contact the copyright holders. Rights holders of any materials not credited on this page should contact CDIS.